What is an algorithm?

An algorithm is indeed a procedure designed to solve a specific problem. This definition captures the essence of algorithms in computer science and mathematics, as algorithms provide a step-by-step approach to achieve a desired outcome. They can be expressed in various forms, including natural language, pseudocode, or programming languages. The structured nature of algorithms allows them to take an input, process it through defined steps, and deliver an output or solution.

In programming, understanding algorithms is crucial because they form the foundation upon which programs are built. An efficient algorithm not only provides the correct solution but also does so in a manner that optimizes resources, such as time and space. This is why studying and implementing algorithms is a core part of programming and computer science education.